MMI Interview Guide: What It Is, 50+ Questions, & How to Prep
Get ready for your multiple mini interview with expert tips, sample MMI questions, and strategies for handling ethical dilemmas and critical thinking scenarios.
Posted April 2, 2026

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The Multiple Mini Interview (MMI) is no longer just an option for some medical schools. It has instead become a standard part of the medical school admissions process. The more time you spend preparing before these interviews, the better you’ll perform.
Learn more about the MMI format and go through our sample questions to begin your MMI prep sooner rather than later.
Why Medical Schools Use MMIs
Unlike traditional one-on-one interviews, the MMI consists of several timed stations that simulate real-world scenarios, where candidates are tested on their ability to think quickly, solve problems, and collaborate with others.
MMIs provide admissions committees with a more comprehensive view of how candidates will handle the complexities of medical school and the healthcare environment. These interviews evaluate a wide range of competencies that go beyond academic performance, such as:
- Communication skills - Your ability to clearly express ideas, listen to others, and engage in meaningful discussions.
- Problem-solving - Your capacity to think critically in high-pressure scenarios, like in an emergency room or when making medical decisions.
- Ethical reasoning - Your ability to handle ethical dilemmas, such as patient confidentiality or the decision-making process surrounding birth control pills or a liver transplant.
- Collaboration and teamwork - How well you interact with fellow candidates in a group setting, especially when addressing ethical questions or complex problems.
By simulating real-world situations that doctors face, these scenarios give admissions committees a more accurate understanding of your preparedness for medical school and your potential to succeed in the healthcare environment.
What to Expect During the Multiple Mini Interview
The MMI usually consists of several timed stations (typically 6-10, though some schools use up to 12), each designed to assess different skills or aspects of your personality. Here's what you can expect.
- Station variety - The interview will be divided into several stations (typically 6-10), each testing a different skill set. You may be asked to role-play, solve a problem, answer ethical questions, or collaborate with others.
- Time pressure - Each station is timed to evaluate how well you can think and act under pressure. Some stations will be as short as 5 minutes, so you’ll need to think quickly and stay focused.
- Skill assessment - Your communication skills, critical thinking, ethical reasoning, and ability to work under pressure will be evaluated throughout. Expect to complete both individual and team-based tasks.
- Real-time interactions - Some stations may involve interacting with an actor or another candidate, while others will be individual tasks designed to assess your personal decision-making or problem-solving ability.
What an MMI Really Looks Like
When you arrive, you are placed in a fixed circuit. Each station is a separate room or virtual breakout, and you rotate in order. Outside each station, you get about 1-2 minutes to read a printed prompt on the door or screen. This is your only prep time. Most schools allow a small note sheet, clipboard, or whiteboard, and you can write quick bullet points. Keep it short. If you try to script your answer, you will run out of time. After the reading period, a bell, buzzer, or timer signals you to enter and begin your 5-8 minute response.
There are no real breaks. The “transition” is just the next reading period. When time ends, another signal tells you to stop immediately, even mid-sentence. You exit, move to the next station, and repeat the process. Everyone rotates at the same time, so the flow feels continuous and controlled. In total, the full MMI usually lasts 60-90 minutes, depending on the number of stations and timing per station.
What most applicants misunderstand is feedback. You will not know if you did well or poorly at any station. Each one is scored independently, often by a different interviewer. One weak answer does not lower your entire performance unless you carry it forward. So, treat each station as a reset and avoid emotional carryover.
Note: The real challenge of the MMI is not the questions. It is the structure. You are being tested on how you think under pressure, how fast you organize ideas, and how consistently you perform across repeated timed interactions.
Key MMI Scenarios and Stations
Expect a variety of scenarios from station to station that will test your skills and readiness as if you were actually in the medical field. Below is a list of common MMI stations and what you might be asked to do at each one.
| Station Type | What You’ll Be Asked to Do | What They’re Evaluating | How to Win the Station (Expert Moves) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Role-Playing Tasks | Interact with an actor (e.g., deliver bad news, handle an upset patient). | Communication, empathy, and emotional control. | Start by acknowledging emotions directly. Use simple, human language. Pause and listen. Do not rush to “fix” the situation. A Calm presence > perfect wording. |
| Decision-Making Challenges | Make fast decisions with limited information (e.g., treatment choices, prioritization). | Judgment, prioritization, and clarity under pressure. | State your priority clearly in the first sentence. Explain your reasoning step by step. If unsure, say what you would clarify next. |
| Ethical Dilemmas | Handle conflicts in values (e.g., resource allocation, professional behavior issues). | Ethical reasoning, fairness, and justification. | Name the conflict first. Weigh both sides briefly. Choose a position and justify it using patient safety and fairness. Avoid sitting in the middle without a decision. |
| Social and Policy Issues | Give your view on public health or societal topics. | Critical thinking, awareness, and structure. | Take a clear stance early. Support it with 2-3 logical points. Acknowledge the opposing view in one line. Structured thinking beats long opinions. |
| Teamwork Exercises | Work with another person to complete a task. | Collaboration, leadership, and adaptability. | Set direction early but invite input. Use phrases like “Let’s try this together.” Do not dominate or stay passive. Note that a good teamwork is visible, not silent. |
| Data Interpretation | Analyze simple data or do basic calculations. | Accuracy, speed, and attention to detail. | Slow down slightly to avoid mistakes. Say your thought process out loud. If you catch an error, correct it confidently. |
| Communication Tasks | Explain complex ideas simply or describe visuals | Clarity, structure, and audience awareness. | Break your explanation into steps. Use simple words. Check for understanding (“Does that make sense?”). If they are confused, adjust quickly. |
Note: The MMI does not reward perfection. It rewards clarity, decisiveness, and control under pressure.
How MMI Scoring Works
MMI scoring is built to measure consistency. Each station is scored independently by a different interviewer using a structured rubric, and your final score reflects your performance across all stations. Most schools use a simple scale (often 1-5 or 1-7) where interviewers rate specific categories like communication, ethical reasoning, organization, empathy, and professionalism. These scores are then combined or averaged to produce your overall interview score, which reduces bias and prevents any single interaction from defining your result.
You are not judged on getting the “right answer.” You are judged on how you think. Interviewers are trained to look for clear structure (organized response), justified reasoning (why you chose your answer), and delivery (how you communicate under pressure). Some rubrics also include a global score that reflects your overall impression. One weak station will not hurt you unless it affects the rest of your performance. Stay composed, reset quickly, and deliver consistent, repeatable performance across every station.
50+ Sample MMI Questions
To help you prepare for your interview, these sample questions cover everything from ethical dilemmas to situational judgment, communication skills, and problem-solving tasks, all of which you may encounter during your interview.
| Category | Question |
|---|---|
| Ethical Dilemma | Liver transplant dilemma: You have only one liver available, and two patients urgently need it. One is a 25-year-old with a long life expectancy, and the other is a 70-year-old with a terminal illness. How will you make your decision? |
| Ethical Dilemma | Religious conflict: A fellow student refuses to perform a procedure based on their religious beliefs. They are the only ones available to perform the procedure, and it is urgent. How would you handle the situation? |
| Ethical Dilemma | Medical decisions: A mother calls asking you to make medical decisions for her young child who requires immediate treatment for severe dehydration, but the child’s father has not provided consent. What would you do? |
| Ethical Dilemma | Alternative medicine: A patient with cancer insists on using alternative medicine rather than following your recommended course of chemotherapy. They are in a late stage of the disease. How would you approach this situation? |
| Ethical Dilemma | End-of-life care: A patient with terminal cancer refuses further treatment that could prolong their life, choosing instead to go home and spend their remaining time with family. How would you discuss their wishes respectfully? |
| Ethical Dilemma | Patient autonomy: A patient’s autonomy conflicts with their family’s desire for aggressive life-saving measures. The family insists on a procedure, but the patient is refusing. How would you handle the situation? |
| Ethical Dilemma | Organ donation: A patient who is brain dead requests to donate their organs, but their family strongly objects. How would you navigate this disagreement? |
| Ethical Dilemma | Informed decision: A patient is scheduled for surgery but has not been fully informed about the risks involved, including possible complications. How would you ensure they understand the risks before proceeding? |
| Ethical Dilemma | Vaccination refusal: A parent refuses to vaccinate their child for measles due to religious beliefs, despite the child being exposed to an outbreak. How would you address this? |
| Ethical Dilemma | Refusing treatment: A successful elderly member of a family refuses life-saving treatment for a heart condition. The family insists the treatment is necessary, but the patient is firm in their decision. How would you approach the situation? |
| Professionalism | Confidentiality breach: You overhear a colleague discussing a patient’s personal health details in a public space. How would you address this breach of patient confidentiality? |
| Ethical Dilemma | Healthcare equality: You are in a remote clinic with limited resources and must prioritize which emergency patients receive treatment. One patient needs urgent surgery, but there is only enough blood for one. How would you make your decision? |
| Professionalism | Professional integrity: After successfully treating a well-off patient, they offer you a generous gift. How would you respond to this offer without compromising your professional integrity? |
| Ethical Dilemma | Disability accommodations: A patient with a disability requires a procedure, but complications from the procedure could exacerbate their condition. How do you balance the risks and ensure they are treated fairly? |
| Ethical Dilemma | Discrimination in healthcare: You witness a healthcare worker refusing service to a patient based on racial or gender biases. How would you intervene to prevent this discrimination from continuing? |
| Ethical Dilemma | Dilemma over family decisions: A family insists on aggressive treatment for their elderly member who is near the end of life, but the medical team believes it will only extend suffering. What would you do? |
| Ethical Dilemma | Risk vs. benefit: You must decide whether to proceed with a risky procedure on a high-risk patient who has little chance of surviving. The patient has expressed a desire for everything to be done. How do you make your decision? |
| Ethical Dilemma | Patient's financial issues: A patient requires urgent surgery for severe abdominal pain but cannot afford it. How do you approach this ethical dilemma, balancing compassion and resource availability? |
| Communication | Break bad news: A patient is diagnosed with terminal cancer and has only a few months to live. How would you deliver this news to the patient’s family compassionately and clearly? |
| Ethical Dilemma | Abortion ethics: A pregnant patient seeks an abortion due to medical reasons, but her family strongly disagrees. The family believes the pregnancy should continue. How would you handle this scenario? |
| Decision-Making | Emergency room triage: You are working in a busy emergency room where you must triage several patients. One is a young child with a high fever and possible flu, and another is an elderly patient with severe chest pain and a history of heart disease. How would you prioritize who gets treatment first? |
| Teamwork | Clinical rotations: During your clinical rotation, a colleague struggles with performing a venipuncture and is making the patient anxious. How would you address the situation without causing conflict? |
| Communication | Bad news delivery: You must break the a news to a patient’s family that the patient has been misdiagnosed and has only a limited time to live. How would you deliver this information respectfully? |
| Teamwork | Team conflict: Your healthcare team disagrees on the next steps for a treatment plan for a critically ill patient. How would you mediate the situation? |
| Ethical Dilemma | Patient’s refusal of care: A patient with severe asthma refuses to take their prescribed life-saving medication because they are concerned about potential side effects. How would you handle the situation? |
| Professionalism | Handling distractions: While assisting with a surgery, one of your colleagues is behaving disruptively by making jokes and not focusing on the task. How would you stay focused and address the distraction? |
| Stress Management | Stress management: During a trauma station in the MMI, you are overwhelmed with the number of tasks to complete and feel extremely anxious. How would you manage the stress and ensure you complete the tasks efficiently? |
| Leadership | Organizational issue: You are assigned to lead a healthcare team handling a mass vaccination campaign. The team is unorganized, and there’s confusion about who is responsible for certain tasks. How would you address this and get everyone back on track? |
| Decision-Making | Car accident scenario: After a major car accident, you are part of a team handling multiple patients. One is a young child with broken bones, and another is an adult who is unconscious with severe head trauma. How would you prioritize treatment? |
| Ethical Dilemma | Down syndrome: A child with Down syndrome requires medical attention for a respiratory issue, but the parents refuse treatment, stating they prefer home remedies. How would you approach the situation to ensure the child gets the necessary care? |
| Ethical Dilemma | Clinical ethics: A patient with terminal cancer is refusing additional chemotherapy treatments that are not improving their quality of life. They want to stop treatment and enter hospice care. How would you approach this ethically and respect their wishes? |
| Ethical Dilemma | Informed consent: A patient scheduled for a routine surgery expresses concern that they haven’t fully understood the risks, despite signing the consent form. How would you address this concern and make sure the patient is fully informed before proceeding? |
| Decision-Making | Problem-solving in emergencies: In a medical emergency, you are part of a team deciding how to handle a critical burn victim. There are limited resources, and you must choose between starting immediate treatment or stabilizing the patient for transport. How would you manage this decision-making process? |
| Leadership | Leadership in crisis: During a mass casualty incident, you are leading a healthcare team. Several team members are becoming overwhelmed by the volume of patients, and some are not following instructions. How would you manage the team and ensure patients receive timely care? |
| Teamwork | Teamwork under pressure: You're in the middle of a trauma case with a team, and there’s a heated disagreement about whether to prioritize a young child with a broken arm or an elderly patient with respiratory distress. The clock is ticking. How would you address the situation and ensure the team is working together efficiently? |
| Stress Management | Handling stress: You’ve been asked to manage a high-risk surgery during an MMI station, and the pressure is mounting. Your heart rate is increasing, and the timer is running out. How would you manage your stress, stay composed, and still give a thoughtful response? |
| Teamwork | Managing disagreement: During a group task, a fellow candidate strongly disagrees with your suggested approach to treating a diabetic patient with multiple complications. You believe a conservative treatment plan is the best approach, but they are pushing for more aggressive measures. How would you navigate the disagreement and keep the discussion focused on the patient’s needs? |
| Leadership | Clarifying instructions: You and your team are given a complex task during an MMI station, but the instructions are unclear. Half the team is moving in different directions, and time is running out. How do you take charge to clarify the instructions and bring the team back on track to complete the task effectively? |
| Communication | Non-verbal communication: During a virtual interview, your connection keeps dropping, making it difficult for the interviewer to hear your responses clearly. You know how important body language is in these situations, but the screen keeps freezing. How would you adapt to ensure the message is conveyed despite the technical difficulties? |
| Professionalism | Professionalism in teamwork: You are working with a colleague on a difficult case involving a teenager with mental health challenges. They suggest an intervention you believe could have significant risks. How do you maintain professionalism while discussing your differing opinions and come to a resolution for the patient's benefit? |
| Communication | Cultural sensitivity: A patient from a different cultural background refuses an urgent blood transfusion because of their religious beliefs. You know this could be life-threatening. How would you communicate respectfully with the patient, ensuring you understand their concerns, and also explain the risks of refusing treatment? |
| Teamwork | Delegation: During a group task, you notice one team member is not pulling their weight. They are distracted by their phone while others are taking on more responsibility. How do you address the situation without creating conflict, but ensure the team delivers a quality outcome? |
| Teamwork | Feedback in teamwork: After a group task, you realize that some team members did not contribute effectively, which affected the outcome of the task. How would you provide constructive feedback to your team members in a way that encourages growth, but also ensures the team's future collaboration improves? |
| Teamwork | Active listening: During a team discussion about a patient’s treatment plan, one team member presents an idea that makes more sense than your initial suggestion. How would you respectfully acknowledge their contribution and adjust your approach without undermining your own thoughts? |
| Personal Reflection | Why medicine?: Why do you want to pursue medicine, and how does it align with your values and goals? |
| Personal Reflection | Personal growth: Describe a time when you faced a challenge and how it shaped your personal or professional development. |
| Personal Reflection | Self-awareness: What do you think is your greatest strength, and how has it helped you in your academic or professional life? |
| Personal Reflection | Failure: Tell us about a time you failed at something and how you learned from it. |
| Professionalism | Handling personal questions: How do you respond to personal questions in a professional setting, especially when discussing sensitive topics like medical history or family decisions? |
| Stress Management | Dealing with anxiety: How do you manage anxiety when you're under pressure to perform, such as during an MMI station? |
How to Answer MMI Sample Questions
Based on the examples above, here are the five MMI scenarios and exactly how to approach them.
Ethical Dilemma
Refusing treatment (elderly patient vs family pressure)
How to answer: Start with this rule: a capable patient has the final say. Say you would first confirm the patient if he or she understands their condition and the risks. Then address the family. Acknowledge their concern, but state clearly that their wishes do not override the patient’s decision.
Expert tip: Respect the patient’s choice and shift to support, such as comfort-focused care. Do not try to satisfy both sides and pick the correct principle, then stand on it.
Professionalism
Confidentiality breach (colleague discussing patient info publicly)
How to answer: Act immediately. Say you would interrupt discreetly and stop the conversation. Then follow up. If the behavior continues, escalate it through proper channels.
Expert tip: Confidentiality is a core duty in medicine. Protecting patient trust comes before avoiding discomfort. When you answer, keep this in mind: weak answers delay action, and strong answers address the issue in real time.
Teamwork
Clinical rotations (colleague struggling, how to deal with an anxious patient)
How to answer: Step in calmly and take control of the situation. Help the patient first by reducing anxiety and completing the task safely. Then support your colleague without embarrassing them.
Expert tip: Protect the patient while maintaining the team’s trust. You don’t have to choose between patient and teammate. Strong answers can handle both.
Communication
Bad news delivery (misdiagnosis, limited time to live)
How to answer: Start directly: “I have difficult news to share.” Then, explain the situation in simple and clear language. Then pause. Let the family or the patient respond. Acknowledge their emotions and answer questions honestly.
Expert tip: Explain what happens next and reassure them of continued support. Do not hide behind soft language.
Personal Reflection
Why medicine? (values and goals)
How to answer: Start with a clear reason. Do not give a vague answer like “I want to help people.” Be specific about what draws you to medicine, for example, working with patients or being part of a care team. Then connect it to your experience. Briefly mention one real example that shows this interest in action.
Expert tip: Explain how medicine fits your long-term goals and the kind of doctor you want to become. If your answer sounds like everyone else’s, it will not score well. Make it specific, grounded, and easy to follow.
How to Prepare for the MMI Interview
Preparing for the MMI interview requires a strategy that addresses both practical skills and mental resilience. Here’s how you can prepare effectively and build confidence for the big day:
1. Mock Interviews: The Foundation of Your Prep
Mock interviews are the most effective way to simulate an actual MMI station. Practicing with a mentor or friend helps you adapt to the format and timing. Here’s how to make them work for you:
- Simulate Real MMI Conditions: Set a timer and go through some sample MMI questions, just like you'd be doing in the actual interview. That 1 or 2-minute time limit per station is key to getting you used to staying calm and focused despite stress and time constraints.
- Practice Responding to Follow-Up Questions: Once you've answered a question, see how you handle follow-up questions. These are often used in the MMI to test your ability to think on your feet and maintain a logical thought process.
- Role-Playing: Incorporate role-playing into your mock interviews. For example, act out a major family decision scenario where you need to inform a patient or family member about difficult decisions, such as a terminal illness diagnosis or end-of-life care.
- Seek Constructive Feedback: After each mock session, ask for feedback on your body language, the way you communicate, and so on. That way, you can have a good think about how to do better next time, make your answers clearer, more empathetic, and on point.
2. Ethical and Medical Questions Prep: Navigating Complex Dilemmas
The MMI will often involve complex ethical dilemmas and medical scenarios that test your decision-making skills and ability to handle conflicting values. Prepare by reviewing common ethical scenarios and real-world examples:
- Review Common Ethical Scenarios: Focus on dilemmas like deciding whether a patient should receive a blood transfusion when they refuse it based on religious beliefs or handling a situation where resources are limited, and you need to decide who gets priority. For example, a patient requiring a liver transplant, but there’s only one organ available, how would you decide who gets it?
- Think About Patient Rights and Autonomy: A big part of MMI is figuring out whether you understand what patient autonomy means. This might come up in a scenario where a patient has a medical history that's at odds with the care they really want. How would you balance their wishes while giving them what they need?
- Prepare for Tough Questions: Ethical reasoning will play a central role in your MMI prep. You might be asked questions such as:
- How would you handle a patient refusing vaccination for personal or religious reasons?
- How do you approach a friend or family member who's in medical trouble, but refuses treatment because of what they believe?
3. MMI Stations Practice: Simulate the Real Experience
In addition to this guide, you can also draw on a wide range of career or medical school application resources that offer practice materials, strategy tips, and coaching support to strengthen your overall interview skills.
Practicing specific stations will help you get used to the format and refine your performance:
- Create a Variety of Stations: Set up mock stations that include ethical questions, problem-solving tasks, and critical thinking exercises. For instance, simulate a writing station where you must describe a complex concept or explain a medical issue in clear, simple terms for a layperson.
- Practice Collaborative Tasks: Set up a station where you need to work with another candidate to complete a task. This could involve solving a puzzle or creating a plan for a healthcare system scenario, such as deciding how to distribute resources in a mass casualty incident.
- Focus on Thought Process and Communication: When responding to tasks, always focus on your thought process. Break down the problem, explain your reasoning, and articulate your solution. This will show the MMI assessors your ability to think critically and communicate effectively.
4. Social and Policy Implications: Stay Informed on Current Issues
The MMI often includes questions about social and policy implications in healthcare. Stay informed on relevant topics to prepare for these discussions:
- Stay Up-to-Date on Healthcare Issues: Read up on mandatory vaccination laws, the impact of social media on health, and healthcare system challenges. Be prepared to discuss these issues logically and ethically.
- Form Your Own Opinions: You’ll likely be asked about societal issues like the ethics of alternative medicine or the right to refuse treatment. Practice formulating your opinion, and be ready to back it up with reasoned arguments.
5. Mental and Emotional Preparation
The MMI is not just about your knowledge; it’s about your ability to stay composed and focus under pressure. Here are a few tips for mental preparation:
- Practice Relaxation Techniques: Before your MMI, try simple relaxation exercises to reduce anxiety and help you stay calm during each station. A few deep breaths before responding can make a big difference in how you communicate.
- Stay Positive and Reflective: Reflect on your own personal experiences. Why you chose medicine, how you’ve overcome challenges, and how these experiences shape your approach to problem-solving and patient care. This will help you stay grounded when difficult questions arise.
Working 1:1 with a coach gives you feedback you cannot see on your own. They evaluate not just your answers, but your tone, pacing, body language, and how you come across under pressure. These are the same factors interviewers score in real time.
Post-Interview Reflection and Follow-Up
Reflect on your performance. After your interview, take time to reflect on how it went. Assess your performance honestly:
- What went well? Consider the aspects of your responses where you felt confident. Were you able to manage the ethical dilemmas effectively or respond clearly under pressure?
- Where could you improve? Reflect on moments where you struggled. Did you manage time effectively? Were there any follow-up questions that caught you off guard or areas where your thought process could have been clearer?
One aspect that is often overlooked in MMI reflection is how adaptive you were in the moment. The interview is designed not just to test knowledge, but to assess your ability to adjust your approach to unfamiliar or unexpected situations.
Take note of how quickly you shifted gears in response to a challenging ethical dilemma or when a question caught you off guard. Did you quickly identify and address the core issue, or did you find yourself stuck on irrelevant details?
Beyond your answers, consider how your approach to problem-solving evolved during the interview. Did you stay rooted in a framework that helped you process information and make decisions effectively, or did you feel overwhelmed by the pressure? These subtle elements of performance are what truly set applicants apart in an MMI, as they showcase your mental agility and ability to perform under stress.
Ready to Ace Your MMI Interview?
MMI interviews are a big hurdle for a lot of aspiring medical professionals, but if you show up ready for whatever comes, you might be surprised how well you can do. Focus on mock interviews and familiarize yourself with each possible scenario before you have to tackle them in your real interview. And if you need more help, we’re here for you,
Our expert coaches have helped countless applicants succeed by honing their communication, leadership, and collaboration skills. Check them out here.
If you’re looking for personalized guidance and strategies, consider joining one of our free events or bootcamps. It’s a great way to practice with fellow applicants, get real-time feedback, and feel more confident on interview day.
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FAQs
How hard are MMI interviews?
- MMI interviews can be challenging due to their timed format and diverse scenarios. They assess your ability to think quickly, make ethical decisions, and communicate effectively under pressure. Preparation is key to performing well.
How to prepare for an MMI interview?
- Prepare for an MMI by practicing mock interviews, reviewing common ethical dilemmas, and refining your communication skills. Focus on time management, critical thinking, and staying calm under pressure.
How are MMIs scored?
- MMIs are scored per station, not as one interview. Each station is rated by a different interviewer using a rubric (often 1-5 or 1-7) based on communication, reasoning, and professionalism. Scores are combined or averaged, so consistency across stations matters more than one answer.
How many medical schools use the MMI format?
- Many medical schools use MMIs, especially in Canada, the U.S., the U.K., and Australia. Most Canadian schools use it, and a growing number of U.S. schools have adopted it. You should expect to encounter MMIs in at least some of your interviews.
















